Research corpus ConsensusBLC-STUDY-0256

Dealing with dummy stack element malleability

BIP 147, Dealing with dummy stack element malleability. This document specifies proposed changes to the Bitcoin transaction validity rules to fix a malleability vector in the extra stack element consumed by OP_CHECKMULTISIG and OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY .

Official external source only
Design paper
Official source

Compare

Record

Authors: Johnson Lau
Date: 2016
Publisher: Johnson Lau
Version: Source cited by the 2016 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.
Document ID: BLC-STUDY-0256
DOI: None recorded
Last reviewed: 1 October 2026
Licence: No licence recorded. Rights status under review.

No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.

Direct answer

Where to read

Official source — BIP 147
Blockchain Lab study, the canonical readingOriginal commentary. Not a transcription of the paper.

Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.

Full text

Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.

What changed

Status in the source: Deployed. A reading of the public specification, not a copy of it and not a certification.

Relationships

Canonical readingBIP 147 study
Related paperPBFT
Related paperTendermint
Related paperRaft

Cite this record

These citations point at the source document. They are not a licence to copy it.

Author–date

Lau, J. (2016). Dealing with dummy stack element malleability. Johnson Lau. https://bips.dev/147

BibTeX

@techreport{bip1472016,
  title = {Dealing with dummy stack element malleability},
  author = {Johnson Lau},
  year = {2016},
  institution = {Johnson Lau},
  url = {https://bips.dev/147},
  note = {Rights status: Official external source only. Blockchain Lab record: https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/bip-147}
}

RIS

TY  - RPRT
TI  - Dealing with dummy stack element malleability
AU  - Johnson Lau
PY  - 2016
PB  - Johnson Lau
UR  - https://bips.dev/147
N1  - Rights status: Official external source only
ER  -

CSL-JSON

[
  {
    "type": "report",
    "id": "BLC-STUDY-0256",
    "title": "Dealing with dummy stack element malleability",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Johnson Lau"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2016
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Johnson Lau",
    "URL": "https://bips.dev/147",
    "note": "Rights status: Official external source only. Not a licence to republish the paper."
  }
]

JSON BibTeX file RIS file CSL-JSON

Rights record

Source status: Official source
Use status: Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.
Rights: Official external source only
Training and retrieval: Not permitted from this site. There is no rights-cleared full text to retrieve or to train on.

Rights and licensing Corrections