Research corpus ConsensusBLC-STUDY-0060

Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance

The paper that made a Byzantine quorum practical: a known set of replicas, three phases, and a view change when the leader is useless. Tendermint and HotStuff inherit the shape. Open membership is a different problem.

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Record

Authors: Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov
Date: 1999
Publisher: Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov
Version: Source cited by the 1999 study. The study is the reading. This page does not add a second essay.
Document ID: BLC-STUDY-0060
DOI: None recorded
Last reviewed: 1 October 2026
Licence: No licence recorded. Rights status under review.

No hash is published. This build does not store those PDF bytes, so a checksum would be invented. Where a legacy path exists, it points at the Internet Archive copy of the old library.

Direct answer

Where to read

Official source — OSDI 1999
Blockchain Lab study, the canonical readingOriginal commentary. Not a transcription of the paper.

Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.

Full text

Full text is not published on this page. Public availability is not a licence to republish a document. Blockchain Lab has not recorded a licence that permits an HTML transcription, a training set, or a retrieval corpus of the paper. Text on this page is Blockchain Lab's own wording, or a pointer to a study that is also Blockchain Lab's wording.

What changed

The study separates the text from later network behaviour. This bibliographic page does not repeat that essay.

Relationships

Canonical readingPBFT study
Related paperTendermint
Related paperHotStuff
Related paperDiem

Cite this record

These citations point at the source document. They are not a licence to copy it.

Author–date

Castro, M., & Liskov, B. (1999). Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance. Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov. http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf

BibTeX

@techreport{pbft1999,
  title = {Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance},
  author = {Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov},
  year = {1999},
  institution = {Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov},
  url = {http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf},
  note = {Rights status: Official external source only. Blockchain Lab record: https://blockchainlab.com/research/corpus/papers/pbft}
}

RIS

TY  - RPRT
TI  - Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance
AU  - Miguel Castro
AU  - Barbara Liskov
PY  - 1999
PB  - Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov
UR  - http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf
N1  - Rights status: Official external source only
ER  -

CSL-JSON

[
  {
    "type": "report",
    "id": "BLC-STUDY-0060",
    "title": "Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Miguel Castro"
      },
      {
        "literal": "Barbara Liskov"
      }
    ],
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1999
        ]
      ]
    },
    "publisher": "Miguel Castro and Barbara Liskov",
    "URL": "http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf",
    "note": "Rights status: Official external source only. Not a licence to republish the paper."
  }
]

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Rights record

Source status: Official source
Use status: Metadata and commentary only. The reading is the study page.
Rights: Official external source only
Training and retrieval: Not permitted from this site. There is no rights-cleared full text to retrieve or to train on.

Rights and licensing Corrections